IFSP Education Assistance Plan

An IFSP – Individual Family Service Plan

is commonly offered to children during the ages of birth to three. The program is offered as a state program, but has individual providers through the different cities and counties within the state. An IFSP can offer your child helpful services such as speech therapy, occupational therapy, and physical therapy if your child qualifies through an evaluation that is determined by a therapy team that comes to your home to evaluate your child.

The below information can be found at the following link:

http://endoflifecare.tripod.com/juvenilehuntingtonsdisease/id304.html

The Individual Family Service Plan (IFSP)

Mary Beth Bruder

An Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) documents and guides the early intervention process for children with disabilities and their families.

The IFSP is the vehicle through which effective early intervention is implemented in accordance with Part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). It contains information about the services necessary to facilitate a child’s development and enhance the family’s capacity to facilitate the child’s development.

Through the IFSP process, family members and service providers work as a team to plan, implement, and evaluate services tailored to the family’s unique concerns, priorities, and resources.

According to IDEA, the IFSP shall be in writing and contain statements of

1. the child’s present levels of physical development, cognitive development, communication development, social or emotional development, and adaptive development.
2. the family’s resources, priorities, and concerns relating to enhancing the development of the child with a disability;
3. the major outcomes to be achieved for the child and the family; the criteria, procedures, and timelines used to determine progress; and whether modifications or revisions of the outcomes or services are necessary; specific early intervention services necessary to meet the
4. unique needs of the child and the family, including the frequency, intensity, and the method of delivery; the natural environments in which services will be provided,
5. including justification of the extent, if any, to which the services will not be provided in a natural environment;
6. the projected dates for initiation of services and their anticipated duration;
7. the name of the service provider who will be responsible for implementing the plan and coordinating with other agencies and persons; and
8. steps to support the child’s transition to preschool or other appropriate services.

U.S. Department of Education rules (1993) require that non-Part C services needed by a child, including medical and other services, are also described in the IFSP, along with the funding sources for those services. The statute allows parents to be charged for some services. If a family will be charged, this should be noted in the IFSP.

How the IFSP Differs from the IEP

The IFSP differs from the IEP in several ways:

• It revolves around the family, as it is the family that is the constant in a child’s life.
• It includes outcomes targeted for the family, as opposed to focusing only on the eligible child.
• It includes the notion of natural environments, which encompass home or community settings such as parks, child care, and gym classes. This focus creates opportunities for learning interventions in everyday routines and activities, rather than only in formal, contrived environments.
• It includes activities undertaken with multiple agencies beyond the scope of Part C. These are included to integrate all services into one plan.
• It names a service coordinator to help the family during the development, implementation, and evaluation of the IFSP.

STEPS THAT LEAD TO EFFECTIVE IFSPs

Identify Family Concerns, Priorities, and Resources

The family’s concerns, priorities, and resources guide the entire IFSP process. Early intervention should be seen as a system of services and supports available to families to enhance their capacity to care for their children. The notion of partnership between the intervention team and the family must be introduced and nurtured at this beginning point of the IFSP process.

Identify the Family’s Activity Settings

All children develop as the result of their everyday experiences. It is important to document valued, enjoyable routines (bath time, eating, play activities, etc.) and analyze them to see if they offer the sustained engagement that leads to learning opportunities. Likewise, it is important to identify the community activity settings (e.g., child care, gymboree, swimming) that provide opportunities for learning.

Conduct a Functional Assessment

An effective assessment process

• addresses the family’s questions about enhancing their child’s development, focusing on each family member’s concerns and priorities
  
• collects information for a specific purpose, for example, the evaluation conducted by the early interventionist at the beginning of the IFSP process determines if the child is eligible for services
• reflects a complete and accurate picture of the child’s strengths, needs, preferences for activities, materials, and environments
  
• has a person familiar to the child conduct observations and other assessments in settings familiar to the child (e.g., home,outdoor play area, child care program)

Collaboratively Develop Expected Outcomes.

After assessment information is collected, the team meets to review the information and the family’s concerns, priorities, and resources to develop statements of expected outcomes or goals. Active family involvement is essential. Collaborative goals focus on enhancing the family’s capacity and increasing the child’s participation in valued activities.

Assign Intervention Responsibilities.

After outcomes are identified, the early intervention team assigns responsibilities for intervention services that support those outcomes.  An IFSP requires an integrated, team approach to intervention. Using a transdisciplinary team model is one method of integrating information and skills across professional disciplines. In the transdisciplinary model, all team members (including the family) teach, learn, and work together to accomplish a mutually agreed upon set of intervention outcomes.

Individuals’ roles are defined by the needs of the situation rather than by the function of a specific discipline.

In a transdisciplinary model, one or a few people are primary implementers of the program. Other team members provide ongoing direct or indirect services, such as consultation. For example, an occupational therapist can observe a toddler during meals, then recommend to the parent how to physically assist the child.

Identify Strategies to Implement the Plan.

This step involves working closely as a team to increase learning opportunities, to use the child’s surroundings to facilitate learning, to select the most effective strategies to bring about the desired outcomes, and identify reinforces that best support the child’s learning.

Implementation may involve a toddler participating in a library story hour one afternoon a week; a physical therapist showing family members how to use adaptive equipment; or a service coordinator completing the paperwork to pay for a child’s transportation from his or her home to needed services.

Intervention strategies should help promote generalization of outcomesi.e., the child performs new skills in a variety of environments after intervention has ended. For example, both service providers and family members can encourage a child to request desired objects (e.g, toys) with gestures in numerous environments (e.g., home, playgroup, child care).

Interventions should target several outcomes during one activity. When a child participates in an activity, he or she uses a variety of skills from a number of developmental areas. For example, during mealtimes, a toddler may use communication skills to request more juice, fine motor skills to grasp a spoon, a social skills to interact with a sibling.

Intervention strategies should help a child become more independent in his or her world. The selected strategies might involve offering physical assistance during mealtimes, prompting the correct response during a self-care routine, or providing simple pull-on clothing to enable a child to dress without assistance.

Interventions provided within natural environments should look like a “typical activity.”

For instance, a child learning to develop her fine motor skills should be encouraged to color, draw pictures, play with puzzles, build with blocks, pick up her toys, use

eating utensils, play finger games, etc. Ideally, interventions should

• Be embedded in everyday natural environments.
• Emphasize the acquisition of functional competencies.
• Make it possible to increase a child’s participation within the environments.
• Include both social and non-social activities

Evaluate Early Intervention to Ensure Quality

Both ongoing and periodic evaluations are essential to any early intervention program. An evaluation may focus on a child’s progress toward obtaining desired outcomes and upon the quality of the intervention program itself. Ongoing monitoring of the child’s progress requires keeping records in a systematic manner in order to answer such critical questions as

• To what extent and at what rate is the child making progress toward attaining outcomes?
• Are the selected intervention strategies and activities promoting gains in development?
• Do changes need to be made in the intervention plan?

Periodically reviewing the IFSP provides a means of sharing results about the child’s progress and integrating these results into the plan. Part C of IDEA requires that the IFSP be evaluated and revised annually and that periodic reviews be conducted at least every six months (or sooner if requested by the family). This ongoing process provides a continual support to the family and child as they realize their own strengths and resources to help their child learn.

Reprinted from:
https://www.cec.sped.org/The Council for Exceptional Children
1110 N. Glebe Rd.
Arlington, VA 22201-5704
Toll Free: 1.800.328.0272
E-mail: ericec@cec.sped.org

Resources

Brown, W., Thurman, S.K., & Pearl, L.F. (1993). Family centered early intervention with infants and toddlers:innovative cross-disciplinary approaches. Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co. 

Division for Early Childhood. (1993). DEC recommended practices: Indicators of quality in programs for infants and young children with special needs and their families. Reston, VA: The Council for Exceptional Children. 

Lerner, J.W., Lowenthal, B., and Egar, R. (1998). Preschool children with special needs.  Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon. 

Zhang, C. & Bennett, T. (2000). The IFSP/IEP process: Do recommended practices address culturally and linguistically diverse families? (CLAS Technical Report #10). Champaign, IL: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Early Childhood Research Institute on Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services. 

ERIC Digests are in the public domain and may be freely reproduced and disseminated, but please acknowledge your source. This digest was prepared with funding from the Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI), U.S. Department of Education, under Contract No. ED-99-CO-0026. 

The opinions expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the positions or policies of OERI or the Department of Education. December 2000

EELP (Early Educational Learning Program)

Some states offer additional IEP programs to children called EELP programs that are offered during the age 3 to age 4. The state of Florida is one example. If qualified through a school board evaluation for speech and or developmental delays, EELP program offers speech therapy programs that are conducted within a classroom setting of 5-10 kids and the kids learn the aphabet, colors, sorting, simple math, and writing (just like for preschool), but it is more focused on their speech and language development skills. The classes are usually taught by a speech pathologist who has an additional childhood education degree. An EELP service starts for kids from age 3 to 4 (2 years time) and it is similar for kids who attend a regular preschool plus Pre-K class. The program also helps our kids get introduced to and ready for Kindergarten. The schooling is from 8 a.m till 1 p.m and the kids have lunch in the cafeteria just as other elementary students do. The service is carried out in one of the school classrooms located at a local elementary school (public schools).

Thank you to our support group member, Sarinah Tran, for letting us know about this helpful information.

Early Intervention Service Contact Information:

If you need assistance or help with an IEP, learning more about the school system and about school districts, including what services your child can qualify for through your state, below are some great contacts:

Birth 2 3
For ages birth to age three years of age
Ph: 1-800-505-7000
http://www.birth23.org/

IDEA Projects
To receive Early Intervention Program or Special Education, children must meet eligibility guidelines according to the IDEA. States have different eligibility guidelines for their Early Intervention Program and Special Education services. In addition to children with disabilities, some states have elected to provide early intervention services for infants and toddlers who are at risk of developmental delay and their families. For information on the definition of disability under IDEA and eligibility criteria for early intervention in your state, contact your state’s Part C coordinator at http://www.nectac.org/contact/Ptccoord.asp

Hands & Voices Organization
PO Box 3093
Boulder CO 80307
(303) 492-6283
Toll Free: (866) 422-0422
E-mail: parentadvocate@handsandvoices.org
http://www.handsandvoices.org/

If the state or country that you live in does not offer programs such as these, try contacting your government, child support services, or department of social services for more information. They may be able to point you in the right direction.